• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The method is intended for operating a fuel cell unit (1) with a plurality of cells (4) connected in series. During a normal operating state, at least two reaction gases (2, 3) are supplied to the cells (4), and electrical energy is generated from the reaction gases (2, 3) by means of a chemical reaction. At a termination of the normal operating state, a discharge operating state is passed, in which the supply of at least one reaction gas (2, 3) is interrupted and a residual amount of gas of at least one of the cells (4) remaining reaction gases (2, 3) is consumed by one by the Reaction gases (2, 3) in the cells (4) generated electrical power via at least one discharge load (17) is dissipated. Each cell (4) is separately connected during the discharge operating state by means of its own self-conducting Entladeschaltelements (16) with its own discharge load (17), so that at the same time for all cells (4) Entladestromkreise (15) are formed, each of a cell (4) are assigned and each comprise a self-conducting Entladeschaltelement (16) and a discharge load (17).
    公开号:AT512622A1
    申请号:T191/2012
    申请日:2012-02-15
    公开日:2013-09-15
    发明作者:Simon Wolfsegger；Christian Riffelsberger；Thomas Stadler；Stefan Gruber
    申请人:Fronius Int Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    «* • ♦ • · ♦ 4 * · ·« · * ··
    Method and apparatus for operating a fuel cell unit
    The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell unit having a plurality of cells connected in series, wherein at least two reaction gases are fed to the cells during a normal operating state, and electrical energy is generated from the reaction gases by chemical reaction, and at a termination In the normal operating state, a discharge operating state is passed, at which the supply of at least one reaction gas is interrupted and a residual gas quantity of at least one of the reaction gases remaining in the cells is consumed, by discharging an electric current generated by the reaction gases in the cells via at least one discharge consumer. In addition, the invention relates to a device for operating a fuel cell unit with a plurality of series-connected
    Cells, wherein the device, the fuel cell unit, terminals for supplying the cells during a normal operating state with at least two reaction gases, wherein in the cells by chemical reaction from the reaction gases, electrical energy can be generated, and at least one discharge consumer for discharging one by a in the Cells located after completion of the normal operating state residual gas amount of the reaction gases generated electricity.
    Such a method and apparatus are described in US 25 5,105,142. For consumption of after a shutdown in the
    Fuel cell unit remaining gas residual amount of reaction gases, a discharge circuit is used with a discharge load in the form of a discharge resistor. The discharge resistor can be modified in its resistance value and connected to the output via a discharge switching element.
    UH2.KI12 ΡΊΙι PI I l2iSAT.Z0IJWW <tJ-l. * CYCLE REPLACED
    • · * * * - 2 - connections of the fuel cell unit to be switched. The discharge switching element designed as a relay can be self-locking or self-conducting. In the case of a discharge circuit connected to the output terminals of the fuel cell unit, a different rate of consumption of the residual gases present in the individual cells may occur, in particular if the total amount of residual gases is unevenly distributed among the cells. The electric current flows in the discharge circuit but until the residual gases are consumed in all cells. It also flows through cells from the stream, the residual gases have already been consumed. Consequently, the electrical voltage conditions in these gas-depleted cells are reversed. This is on the one hand dangerous because then can use an electrolysis reaction with the formation of explosive gas. The cells can thus be damaged massively. On the other hand, a degradation of the affected cells can occur, whereby the efficiency and the life of the fuel cell unit deteriorate.
    Furthermore, a discharge circuit for a fuel cell unit is described in WO 2009/117749 A1, in which a discharge resistor is switched successively to the individual cells. The switching of the discharge resistor to the next cell takes place as soon as the residual gas in the last connected cell has been consumed. Although this prevents the situation described above with a voltage reversal in individual cells. However, the complete gas consumption in all cells takes a relatively long time, so that the fuel cell unit can be put back into operation only with a certain time delay. Another disadvantage is that in case of failure of the power supply no discharge is possible.
    FOLLOW-UP · * • · • ♦ • «· · *** *** + + + + + + + + + + + + + 3
    The object of the invention relating to the method is now to provide a method of the type described above, which allows a safe and rapid consumption of remaining in the cells after completion of the normal operating state residual amount of gas. 5
    To solve this problem, a method according to the features of claim 1 is given. In the method according to the invention, each cell is separately connected during the Entladebetriebszustands and / or emergency shutdown by means of its own self-discharging discharge switching element with its own discharge, so that at the same time for all cells discharge circuits are formed, each associated with a cell and each one self-conducting Entladeschaltelement and a discharge load include. By virtue of the fact that a separate discharge circuit is provided for each cell, an electric current flows in each cell during the discharge operating state, in particular, exactly as long as the residual gas quantity of at least one of the reaction gases remaining in this cell has been completely consumed. Thereafter, the cell in question is substantially free of electricity, and indeed un-20 depending on whether the discharge process continues in other cells with the consumption of the residual gas there. Consequently, the unwanted and possibly even dangerous voltage reversal in individual cells is safely excluded. It preferably does not matter how it came to the end of the previous normal operating state. In particular, it may either be a deliberately caused shutdown, an emergency shutdown, or also a stoppage of the chemical reaction in the fuel cell unit due to an error, e.g. a failure of
    FOLLOWED: ** ·: ** ·
    * ··
    4
    Mains supply voltage or operating voltage / system voltage, act. In any case, all the cells of the fuel cell unit are brought into a safe, preferably inertized state by means of the discharge circuits, which permits trouble-free restarting of the fuel cell unit, in particular without the risk of degradation
    The use of self-conducting discharge switching elements also leads to a safe state in the event of unforeseen events. "Self-conducting" is to be understood here as meaning that the relevant discharge switching element 10 is electrically conductive without external influence. The closed switch state is therefore the normal state of such a self-conducting discharge switching element. In order to block the self-conducting Entladeschaltelement, ie to transfer to the open switch state, on the other hand, a targeted action, e.g. an activation with a control signal differing from zero. In the event of a failure of a supply voltage required for the generation of the control signal, the normally-on discharging switching element automatically goes into its conducting state, so that the relevant discharging circuit is closed and the associated cell is transferred to its inerted state. All this takes place without any external intervention, so that an intrinsically safe operating procedure is provided. There is thus an emergency stop function. This results in a significantly further advantage, namely that a resistor contained in the discharge circuit, for example, as a discharge load preferably always remains connected to the series connection of the cells (= stack) of the fuel cell unit, so that a discharge always occurs, even if no operating voltage more is available.
    A further advantage is that during the Entladebetriebszuzu-stand in all cells at the same time the residual amount of gas is consumed and
    SUBSEQUENTLY 4 * 4 -5- thus all cells can be transferred simultaneously into their inertized state. The fuel cell unit is therefore very quickly ready for a reboot. Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention emerge from the features of the claims dependent on claim 1. A configuration is advantageous in which, at the beginning of the normal operating state, all cells are disconnected from the discharging consumptions, in that all of the self-conducting discharge switching elements are transferred into their opened switch state. In this way, the fuel cell unit can be brought into its normal operating state very quickly. In addition, all cells are in a defined and in particular safe inerted state until the initiation of these switching operations. 15
    According to another advantageous embodiment, the transfer of all normally-off Entladesehaltelemente-in the open switch state takes place simultaneously by means of a single common control signal. This is particularly efficient and reduces the required effort. In addition to this, it is ensured that the chemical reaction for converting the reaction gases into electrical energy begins at substantially the same time in all the cells of the fuel cell unit and the transition to the normal operating state takes place. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the discharge switching element is a self-conducting semiconductor switch, in particular a self-conducting MOSFET (= metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor). These switching elements are freely available with a wide variety of specifications. she
    FOLLOW-UP • · · «* · * ·» · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·········· In particular occurs in a semiconducting switch, such as a MOSFET, during the switching operation in contrast to other mechanically functioning switching elements, such. a relay, no sparking on. In this respect, a semiconducting switch offers a particularly high degree of safety, especially in an environment with explosive gases or gas mixtures. In addition, semiconductor switches and, in particular, MOSFETs can preferably be realized in a self-conducting embodiment without further ado. Furthermore, they have a very small size, so that they are well suited for integration into a 10 other module or assembly and / or for use with low available installation volume.
    According to another favorable embodiment, the discharge consumer is executed as an integral part of the self-conducting discharge switching element. This saves space and costs. In particular, the discharge load may be a volume resistance of an electronic component J-preferably a MOSFET.
    According to a further advantageous embodiment, the discharge 20 consumers and the self-conducting Entladeschaltelemente be housed together with the cells in a housing. This results in a very compact design. Possibly. may also be other units, such as. a cell voltage monitoring unit and / or a cell voltage tap unit, may be arranged in the common housing. 25
    Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type described, which allows a safe and rapid consumption of remaining after completion of the normal operating state in the cells residual amount of gas.
    REPLACED »· •«
    IM
    To solve this problem, a device according to the features of claim 7 is given. In the apparatus, each cell is associated with its own discharge circuit with its own self-discharging and a separate discharge consumer, and each cell is connected by means of the associated self-conducting Entladeschaltelements with the associated discharge load, so that in the cell in question after completion of the normal operating state generated electrical current over the associated discharge consumer can be discharged.
    The device according to the invention and its embodiments have substantially the same special properties and advantages that have already been described in connection with the method according to the invention and its embodiments.
    Advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention emerge from the claims dependent on claim 7. -
    According to a favorable embodiment, all self-conducting discharge switching elements are connected to a common control unit for, in particular, simultaneous change of their respective switch state, preferably for transfer into their respective open switch state. This is efficient and saves individual components as well as costs.
    According to a further advantageous embodiment, all the self-conducting Entladeschaltelemente simultaneously by means of a single common control signal generated by the control unit in their respective switch state can be changed. In particular, all discharge switching elements are connected to a single common control signal output of the control unit.
    REPLACED -8- -8- »··
    • closed. Alternatively, however, the discharge switching elements can also be connected to a plurality of control signal outputs of the control unit. As a result, it is possible to very easily synchronize the starting of the discharge operating state and the normal operating state in all cells. It is also possible that a plurality of discharge switching elements in groups, e.g. to twelfth, are connected together, for this purpose preferably four groups are formed. Thus, in particular four control signals are provided, which are advantageously easy to synchronize.
    Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:
    Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a fuel cell unit provided for each cell own discharge circuit, each comprising a self-conducting switching element, and
    2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a fuel cell unit with its own discharge circuit provided for each cell, which in each case comprises a self-conducting MOSFET.
    Corresponding parts are provided in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the same reference numerals. Also details of the embodiments explained in more detail below may constitute an invention in itself or be part of an inventive subject matter.
    FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a fuel cell unit 1 for generating electrical energy from at least two reaction gases, in particular from hydrogen 2 and from oxygen 3 or air.
    FOLLOWING • 4 • «* · • 4 4« «» · · ♦ Μ »• * ···· &gt;; · «· * * Μ 4 • 44 * · · 4 • · · · ··« 4 9-
    A fuel cell is an electrochemical generator that generates electricity directly from a chemical reaction. The operating principle of a fuel cell is based in particular on the reversal of the electrolytic decomposition of water, in which the reaction gases hydrogen 2 and oxygen 3 are formed by a flow of current. A fuel cell is a galvanic cell that converts the chemical reaction energy of the reaction gases into electrical energy. It is therefore also referred to as energy converter The energy for electricity production is supplied in chemically bound form with the reaction gases.
    The fuel cell unit 1 comprises a plurality of cells 4 connected in series. The overall structure with the series connection of all cells 11 forms a stack 5. In the individual cells 4 of the fuel cell unit 1, the reaction gases hydrogen 2 and oxygen 3 react with each other, where-dureb-electrical current is generated , Each cell 4 has an anode 7 provided with a first catalyst 6, a cathode 9 provided with a second catalyst 8, and an electrolyte 10. The anode 7 and the cathode 9 are separated from each other by the electrolyte 10. The catalysts 6 and 8 are respectively arranged on the side of the anode 7 or the cathode 9 facing the electrolyte 10. In particular, they each consist of platinum, which is applied to a carbon carrier layer. The electrolyte 10 is in particular a polymer layer.
    Furthermore, means 4 not shown in detail for supplying the hydrogen 2 to the anode 7 and for supplying the oxygen 3 to the cathode 9 are provided in each cell. Catalysts 6 and 8 cause individual reactions •················································································································································································································································································································ φ φφ φφ φφφ · φ φφ - 10 NEN of the supplied hydrogen 2 and oxygen 3 at the respective electrode, ie at the anode 7 and at the cathode 9, respectively.
    In the reaction of the hydrogen 2 on the catalyst 6 of the anode 7, one hydrogen molecule is split into two hydrogen atoms in each case. A hydrogen atom has two components, a negatively charged electron and a positively charged proton. In the reaction, every hydrogen atom releases its electron. The positively charged protons diffuse through the electrolyte 10, which is impermeable to the negatively charged electrons, and thus reaches the cathode 9.
    During the simultaneous reaction of the oxygen 3 at the catalyst 8 of the cathode 9, oxygen molecules in each case divide into two oxygen atoms, which deposit at the cathode 9.
    Thus, at the cathode 9, the positively charged protons of the hydrogens and the Sauerstoffetemerund the anode 7, the negatively charged electrons of the hydrogen 2 are deposited. As a result, there is an electron deficiency at the cathode 9 and an excess of electrons at the anode 7, so that the anode 7 is at a negative potential with respect to the cathode 9. Accordingly, the anode 7 forms a negative pole (-) and the cathode 9 a positive pole (+).
    Connecting the two electrodes, so the anode 7 and the cathode 9, with an electrical conductor 11, the electrons migrate due to the potential difference across the electrical conductor 11 from the anode 7 to the cathode 9. It flows electrical DC through the conductor 11 and by a possibly integrated in the conductor 11 load 12. The load 12, for example, by a battery, the generated electrical energy
    POSSIBLE READY ································································································································································································································· , which converts the direct current into an alternating current, or be formed by a load resistor. The circuit with the conductor 11 and the load 12 can be switched on and off by means of a load circuit breaker 13.
    Two electrons, which have migrated via the electrical conductor 11 from the anode 7 to the cathode 9, aufgenoramen at the cathode 9 each of an oxygen atom. There are two times negatively charged oxygen ions. These oxygen ions combine with the positively charged and protons of hydrogen 2 diffused by the electrolyte 10 from the anode 7 to the cathode 9 to form water 14. The water 14 is removed from the cathode 9 as a reaction end product.
    To shut off the fuel cell unit 1, the supply of the reaction gas oxygen 3 or air is preferably interrupted. At least some of the reaction gases remain in the cells 4. Without further measures, this would have the effect, at least for some types of fuel cell, that hydrogen 2 diffuses through the electrolyte 10 and forms an explosive gas mixture at the cathode 9 of the cells 4. Likewise, the remaining amount of gas in the cells 4 can lead to a degradation of the cells 4, in particular of the electrolyte 10 and the catalysts 6 and 8, and thus to a reduction in the efficiency and / or the life of the fuel cell unit 1. To prevent this, after a termination of the normal operating state of the fuel cell unit 1 undergo a targeted discharge process. During this discharge operating state, at least the proportion of the oxygen 3 in the residual gas amount of the reaction gases remaining in the cells 4 is consumed to such an extent that the fuel cell unit 1 is switched off when it is switched off.
    Γ 'AXISALLY ··· * ♦♦♦♦ t ································································································ Can be turned off without any problems and the stack 5 is in an at least largely inertized state.
    In the fuel cell unit 1, the practically complete consumption of the after completion of the normal operating state, that is, e.g. after a shutdown of the fuel cell unit 1, in the cells 4 remaining amount of gas at least one of the reaction gases by means of each cell 4 switchable discharge circuits 15 reaches. Each cell 4 is associated with its own discharge circuit 15, which comprises, in addition to the relevant cell 4, in each case a self-conducting discharge switching element 16 and a discharge consumer 17 in the form of an electrical discharge resistor. As a result, in contrast to the coating of all cells 4 with a common resistance, no voltage reversal dangerous for the cells 4 can occur in the case of premature gas depletion in one of the cells 4. Consuming the residual gas amount of the reaction gases in the cells 4 of the fuel cell unit 1 is also referred to as reacting the cells A-1.
    The self-conducting discharge switching element 16 and the discharging consumer 17 connected in series are connected between the anode 7 and the cathode 9 of the relevant cell 4. The discharge circuits 15 of adjacent cells 4 may share a part of the electric wires. The cathode 9 of a cell 4 is short-circuited to the anode 7 of the adjacent cell 4.
    The discharge switching elements 16 are self-conducting, i. they are normally in the closed switch state. The discharge circuits 15 are therefore closed without targeted action from the outside and connected to the relevant cell 4. The discharge switching elements 16 are over
    FOLLOW-UP ··
    · ♦ · ♦ φ φ φ φ ♦ φ φ φ ♦ φ φ. 1 in dashed lines shown control lines to a control unit 18, in particular to a common control signal output 19 of this control unit 18, connected. The control unit 18 is designed to generate a control signal SS and to supply the discharge switching elements 16 via the control signal output 19 and the control lines connected thereto. By means of the common control signal SS, which is present in particular during the normal operating state of the fuel cell unit 1, all discharge switching elements 16 and thus all discharge circuits 15 are opened and then kept open. 10
    This opened state remains as long as the control signal SS is present. If this is no longer the case for any reason whatsoever, and / or if the absolute value of the control signal SS falls below a certain trigger threshold, and in particular even goes back to zero, the discharge elements 16 automatically fall back into their normal state with the switching path closed. In this state, the Abreakti- on begins in the cells 4, in order to convert the fuel cell unit 1 in a-secured off state with inerted stack 5. This Abreaktion takes place advantageously in all cells 4 simultaneously, so that the Entla-20 debetriebszustand can be completed very quickly. If the residual amount of gas consumed in one of the cells 4, the current flow in the associated discharge circuit 15 automatically stops, regardless of whether the Abreaction in the other cells 4 is still ongoing and in the discharge circuits 15 still current flows. 25
    Preferably, the load 12, which is supplied with power during the normal operating state of the fuel cell unit 1, is switched off during the discharge operating state by opening the load circuit switch 13. As a result, during the consumption of the residual amount of gas in reaction
    POSSIBLE -14- * · ··· I · »» · I 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 · * · «· 4 · 4444 4 44 • · 4 4 • tf« «4 4 ··« 4 · • 4 4 4 4 defined current flow conditions created in the cells 4, which are determined solely by the current flow in the discharge circuits 15 via the discharge load 17. FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a fuel cell unit 20 for generating electrical energy from at least two reaction gases. The fuel cell unit 20 also comprises the stack 5 with the cells 4, which are not shown in detail in FIG. 2, connected in series. 10 Each cell 4 is in turn assigned its own discharge circuit 21. The discharge circuits 21 include in addition to the respective cell 4 each as a discharge load a discharge resistor 22 and as a discharge switching element a self-conducting MOSFET 23. Gate terminals 24 of the MOSFETs 23 are connected by means of the control lines respectively to the control signal output 15 19 of the control unit IS. By means of the control signal SS, the gate terminals can be brought to a negative gate potential, so that the MOSFETs 23 are each put in the non-conducting state. The discharge circuits 21 are then opened and current-free. 20
    In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, ohmic discharge resistor 22 are provided as separate components in the discharge current circuits 21. But there are also alternative embodiments not shown with differently designed Entladeverbrauchem. Thus, the discharge consumers may also be protected by variable resistances, e.g. in the form of a transistor in linear operation, be formed. Their resistance values may then be e.g. be set or regulated by the control unit 18 according to the currently given requirements. Furthermore, the discharge resistor 22 may be part of the discharge switching element of the associated discharge device.
    REPLACED - 15- - 15-
    Circuit 21 be. In the case of a discharge switching element designed as a MOSFET 23, the discharge resistor 22 may in particular be the internal volume resistance of the MOSFET 23. This leads to a very compact construction with relatively few individual components. 5
    In particular, when using MOSFETs 23, the space requirement of the discharge circuits 21 is very low. They can then preferably be placed together with the stack 5 and also the control unit 18 in a common housing 25. Such a common housing 25 is shown at 10 the Ausführungsbeisp iel shown in FIG. 1 with.
    Overall, the fuel cell units 1 and 20 allow due to the separate wiring of each cell 4 with its own discharge circuit 15 and 21, a safe and fast Abreagieren all cells 4 15 after switching off the fuel cell units 1 and 20. By using self-conducting Entladeschaltelemente 16 and MOSFETs In addition, intrinsic safety is achieved; In the event of a system defect, in particular if the control signal SS fails, the normally-on discharging switching elements 16 or MOSFETs 23 close automatically, 20 and the fuel cell unit 1 or 20 is brought into a safe switch-off state.
    SUBSEQUENT
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    - 16- ····························································································································································································································· 1. A method for operating a fuel cell unit (1; 20) with a plurality of cells (4) connected in series, wherein 5 a) during a normal operating state the cells (4) at least two reaction gases (2,3) b) at a termination of the normal operating state, a discharge operating state is passed, in which the supply of at least one reaction gas (2, 3) is interrupted and a residual gas quantity of at least one of the reaction gases (2, 3) remaining in the cells (4) is consumed by discharging an electric current generated by the reaction gases (2, 3) in the cells (4) via at least one discharge consumer (17; 22) is characterized in that c) each cell (4) is selected during the discharge operating state and / or during an emergency shutdown separately by means of a separate self-conducting discharge switching element (16; 23) is connected to its own discharge consumer (17; 22), so that at the same time for all cells (4) discharge circuits (15; 21) are formed which are each associated with a cell (4) and in each case a self-conducting discharge switching element ( 16; 23) and a discharge consumer (17; 22).
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the beginning of the normal operating state all cells (4) are disconnected from the discharge consumer (17; 22) by transferring all normally-on discharging switching elements (16; 23) into their opened switch state. POSSIBLE REVIEW • · · »* *» 4 9 9 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · - Π
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the transfer of all normally-off Entladeschaltelemente (16; 23) takes place in the open switch state at the same time by means of a single common control signal (SS).
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge switching element is a normally-on semiconductor switch, in particular a self-conducting MOSFET (23), is provided. ΙΟ
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge load (17; 22) as an integral part of the self-conducting Entladeschaltelements (16; 23) is executed.
    [6]
    6. Method according to claim 1, wherein the discharge consumers (17;
    [7]
    7. A device for operating a fuel cell unit (1; 20) with a plurality of cells (4) connected in series, comprising a) the fuel cell unit (1; 20), b) connections for supplying the cells (4) during a normal operating state with at least two reaction gases (2, 3), wherein in the 25 cells (4) by means of chemical reaction from the reaction gases (2, 3) electrical energy can be generated, and c) at least one discharge consumer (17; 22) for discharging one by one in the cells ( 4) after completion of normal operation FOLLOW-UP ·· ♦ · · · ♦ · ♦ «·« · * ·················· Gas residual quantity of reaction gases (2, 3) produced electric current, characterized in that d) each cell (4) has its own discharge circuit with its own normally-discharging switching element (16; 23) and a separate discharge consumer (17; 22) is assigned, and each cell (4) by means of the associated self-conducting Entladeschaltelements (16; 23) with the associated discharge load (17; 22) is connectable, so that in the relevant cell (4) after completion of the normal operating state generated electrical current via the associated discharge load (17, 22) is dissipated.
    [8]
    8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that all the self-conducting Entladeschaltelemente (16; 23) are connected to change their respective switch state to a common control unit (18).
    [9]
    9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that all the self-conducting Entladeschaltelemente (16; 23) at the same time by means of a single common generated by the control unit (18) control signal (SS) are variable in their respective switch state.
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the discharge switching element is in each case designed as a self-conducting semiconductor switch, in particular as a self-conducting MOSFET (23). SUBSEQUENT
    [11]
    11. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the discharge load (17; 22) is an integral part of the self-conducting Entladeschaltelements (16; 23).
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the discharge load (17; 22) and the self-conducting Entladeschaltelemente (16; 23) are housed together with the cells (4) in a housing (25). SUBSEQUENT
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    DE112012000652T5|2013-10-31|discharge control
    EP2009765B1|2010-01-06|Device for an uninterruptible power supply
    DE102008057874A1|2010-05-20|Switch circuit for a photo-voltaic assembly, at a current circuit, has a mechanical switch and a second electronic switch
    AT512622B1|2016-09-15|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL UNIT
    DE1696565B2|1973-03-29|RECHARGEABLE GALVANIC CELL WITH THREE ELECTRODES POURED BY AN ALKALINE ELECTROLYTE
    EP2424747A2|2012-03-07|Electrically drivable motor vehicle
    DE102010041018A1|2012-03-22|Contactors actuating device for e.g. charging device for e.g. electric car, has holding current unit connected to output terminal for supplying holding current to drive coil of contactor
    DE102014201365A1|2015-07-30|Method and circuit arrangement for determining the Coulomb efficiency of battery modules
    DE102006007077A1|2006-08-24|Method for operating a fuel cell
    EP1588448A2|2005-10-26|Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuell cell system
    DE202006001063U1|2006-04-27|Inverter for feeding electrical energy from a photovoltaic unit to a three phase mains has a DC converter with maximum power point tracking control and bridge circuit
    DE102012217972A1|2014-04-03|Circuit arrangement and method for charging a DC link capacitor and battery and motor vehicle with such a circuit arrangement
    EP2511956A2|2012-10-17|Three-circuit voltage spike protection for a photovoltaic system
    DE102013226028A1|2015-06-18|Increasing the lifetime of fuel cells due to cell-specific short circuit
    AT505914B1|2009-05-15|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TURNING OFF A FUEL CELL
    DE3120826A1|1982-04-15|ELECTRICAL BY-SHUTTER SWITCH FOR ELECTROLYSIS CELLS
    DE102012223482A1|2014-06-18|Battery with at least one battery string and method for controlling a battery voltage
    EP3113232A1|2017-01-04|Optimised photovoltaic module with bypass network
    DE102015209036A1|2016-11-24|Fuel cell system with switching device
    DE102020117681A1|2022-01-05|Control device for a battery storage
    DE102006004182B3|2007-10-18|Power converter with a switching device
    DE112018005386T5|2020-06-18|Output device and power supply system
    DE102019212377A1|2021-02-18|Circuit arrangement for discharging at least one energy store charged to a high voltage
    DE102019212000A1|2021-02-11|Battery circuit for setting the state of charge of battery elements and a method for operating a battery circuit
    DE102020102601A1|2021-08-05|Pre-charging circuit for pre-charging an intermediate circuit capacitor
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT512622B1|2016-09-15|
    DE102013201995A1|2013-08-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH01298649A|1988-05-27|1989-12-01|Fuji Electric Co Ltd|Discharge control circuit for fuel cell|
    EP1450429A1|2001-10-03|2004-08-25|Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha|Fuel cell stack|
    DE10354021A1|2002-11-21|2004-06-03|Denso Corp., Kariya|The fuel cell system|
    WO2007142045A1|2006-05-26|2007-12-13|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha|Fuel cell system|
    JPH0240864A|1988-08-01|1990-02-09|Fuji Electric Co Ltd|Discharge circuit of fuel cell|
    AT505914B1|2008-03-28|2009-05-15|Fronius Int Gmbh|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TURNING OFF A FUEL CELL|DE102018212533A1|2018-07-27|2020-01-30|Audi Ag|Supply device with a fuel cell device and method for reducing the voltage in a fuel cell device|
    CN110370990B|2019-09-16|2020-01-31|潍柴动力股份有限公司|fuel cell stack protection method, device and fuel cell power supply system|
    DE102019215895A1|2019-10-16|2021-04-22|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method for commissioning a fuel cell stack|
    DE102020002283A1|2020-04-15|2021-10-21|Marquardt Gmbh|Switching element|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA191/2012A|AT512622B1|2012-02-15|2012-02-15|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL UNIT|ATA191/2012A| AT512622B1|2012-02-15|2012-02-15|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL UNIT|
    DE201310201995| DE102013201995A1|2012-02-15|2013-02-07|Method for operating fuel cell unit, involves separately connecting cells to discharge load by self-conducting discharge switching elements, to form discharge circuits for each cell in unloading operation mode/emergency shutdown|
    [返回顶部]